Kenya has no innovation culture. How many patents are filed every year? Very few going by KIPI records. How much do companies spend on R&D? Very little indeed. Any patent laws?
South Korea was once in
that same spot. Companies investing in R & D there now account for most of the R & D, but that was not always so. I have a paper on innovation in their R & D, and it gives us some idea of what happened:
Science, technology, and innovation have been cited as one of the key factors behind
the economic success of the Republic of Korea.
...
In the 1960s Korea was barren in the fields of science and technology.
...
In the early stage of development, the government’s economic development projects were the major force driving R&D and innovation in Korea.
...
To help industries to adopt new technologies, the government created govern-
ment R&D institutes in the fields of heavy machinery and chemicals, such as the
Korea Institute of Machinery and Metals, the Electronics and Telecommunications
Research Institute, the Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, the Korea
Research Institute of Standards and Science, the Korea Institute for Energy
Research, and the Korea Ocean R&D Institute. These institutes worked with private
industries to build a technological foundation for industrial development.
...
While promoting technological learning for industrialization, the government also
made efforts to build a base for science and technology (S&T) development during
this period. The Science and Technology Promotion Act and the Science Education
Act were passed in 1967 as a legal base for S&T development. The Korea Institute
of Science and Technology (KIST) was established in 1966, followed in 1967 by the
Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), the central government agency respon-
sible for S&T policy. In 1970 the government enacted the Korea Advanced Institute
of Sciences Act, which created the basis for the Korea Advanced Institute of Sciences
(KAIS; currently KAIST). KIST was the first organization dedicated strictly to R&D
in Korea
...
In 1974 the government started construction of the Daeduk Science Town,
where many public and private R&D institutes, including the government research
and development institutes, are now clustered.
...
How Korea Has Been Able to Build Up Indigenous R&D Capability:
The government responded to the changes in the technology environment by
launching the National R&D Program in 1982 and taking various policy measures
to promote and facilitate private R&D activities, including tax incentives, financial
assistance, procurement, and other promotional actions.
...
After 1980, it [the government] shifted toward nurturing indigenous R&D capability and, at
the same time, promoting and facilitating private industrial R&D.
This marked a turning point for the Korean innovation system.
...
So, in the early development process, the
government played the role not only of planner and rule setter but also of financier.
This was particularly true in the areas of R&D and innovation.
...
Private industries responded to the changes in policy by investing massive amounts
in R&D.
In Kenya, "Science Technology and Innovation" is a "key sector in Vision 2030. Here is the relevant webpage:http://www.vision2030.go.ke/sectors/?sc=3Click on the links and see how science, technology, and innovation are about to be transformed in Kenya.

Kenya also has the "Kenya Industrial Research and Development Institute (KIRDI), a national research institute established in 1979". This institute supposedly also supports Vision 2030 and in fact has a lot to say on that. So, what are they doing in an important area like ICT? Here it is:
http://www.kirdi.go.ke/index.php/core-divisions/rti/ict-researchNot particularly informative; so I look elsewhere to try and find more on what exactly they are doing. There is a "research, technology, and innovation" report here:
http://www.kirdi.go.ke/index.php/more/files/category/4-research-reportIt is dated
2009.
KIRDI also makes available its Strategic Plan, here:
http://www.kirdi.go.ke/index.php/more/files/category/3-strategic-planBizarre. The things reads like the stuff companies issue as some sort of annual report or whatever, or the kind of fuzz people produce for funding bodies---not the strategic plan of a national R & D institute that will play a leading role in the industrial transformation of the country.
Page 17-18 has a list of the
national research institute's "key achievements" for the period 2010-2015. Here's a sample:
* Supply of 840 Arc Welding Machines for use by the Constituency Industrial Development Centres (CIDCs);
* Completion of 150 hospital beds for distribution to hospitals in Kenya.
* Establishment and operationalization of honey processing plant in West Pokot
County.
* ...
WTF! Seriously? This is the R &D for Vision-2030 industrialization? From a national R & D institute?
One of the things I was looking for in the report was anything to do with the ICT Research unit. That unit does not appear to have achieved anything during 2010-2015. I did, however, find a sentence on ICT:
"weakness: Low adoption of ICT in the Institute’s operations."
Still, plenty of good crap on Vision 2030.